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sagittal crest bony ridge running along the top midline of the cranium
Sahul Land the continuous landmass formed by Australia and New Guinea in periods of low sea level
salgado brackish water shell mound of the lower Amazon
sambaqui shell mound common along the Atlantic coast of Amazonia
scapula (pl. scapulae) shoulder blade
seal stone object carved with a design that was impressed into a lump of clay to form a sealing; the design might be carved into the flattened surface of the stone (a stamp seal) or around the surface of a cylindrical stone (a cylinder seal)
sealing lump of clay impressed with a seal, used for administrative purposes to seal jars, documents, and other objects
sedentism a residence pattern of permanent, year-round settlement
sexual dimorphism difference in size between male and female of a species
Shi Ji "Records of the Grand Historian," a history of early Chinese states by Sima Qian
Shu Jing "Book of History," an early Chinese history edited by Confucius
sigloi Persian bent bar coins
skraelings Norse name for the people of the eastern North American arctic regions, from the coasts of Greenland and Labrador south to Newfoundland
species distinct populations of plants or animals that can and do interbreed and produce fertile offspring
state a society of high population and complexity, in which centralized and institutionalized control overrides kinship ties, and in which wealth and rank hierarchies are protected and fostered
stela (pl. stelae) freestanding carved stone monument
stoa Greek long, shallow building open on one long side, fronted by a colonnade
strangulated blade one in which the mid-region has been thinned to provide two concave edges, forming a "waist"
stratigraphy the successive deposition of superimposed layers of either natural or cultural material
stupa domed building often containing Buddhist relics
subduction the process of one part of the earth's crust moving beneath another along plate boundaries, resulting in chains of volcanoes and parallel formations of uplifted sedimentary rock
Sundaland the continuous landmass formed by island Indonesia and Borneo during periods of low sea level
sutra Buddhist text
swidden land made cultivable by cutting and/or burning off the vegetative cover
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