/**
*  1/19/05 (A. Gonzalez) Chapter No., Book No. and Title Added
*  6/20/05 Modified: (J. Lucca) Removed frames from quizzes.
*  7/7/05 Modified: (J. Lucca)
*     Can turn off HISTOGRAM and randomize_questions on any ch##.htm page
*     by setting them here to false. Both default to true in quiz.js.
*  12/1/05 Modified: (J. Lucca)
*     Can turn off histogram SECTIONS and/or TYPES on any ch##.htm page
*     by setting them here to false. Both default to true in quiz.js.
*/

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// HISTOGRAM AND RANDOMIZE OPTIONAL SETTINGS
//    Can turn off per quiz or leave defaults (as set in quiz.js) as false.
//      randomize_questions=true; HISTOGRAM=true; SECTIONS=true; TYPES=true;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
HISTOGRAM = false
SECTIONS = false
TYPES = false

/**
* Required settings for all Gradebooks:
*    chapter_no, book_no, book_title
*
* Required when HISTOGRAM = true:
*    At least a section_title[] with its matching q#section for each question
*    or a type_title[] with its matching q#type for each question.
*    Without at least one of these you won't get any histograms.
*/

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// BEGIN PASTE - Paste any existing quiz javascript questions
//               between this comment and one just like it near bottom of page
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


// General settings
var chapter_no = "09";
var book_no = "28441";
var book_title = "Archaeology, 5e.";
quiz_name = "Chapter Quiz";
var confirm = "http://www.thamesandhudsonusa.com/web/archaeology/5e/thankyou.htm";
number_answers = new Array(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2);

var number_questions = number_answers.length;


// HISTOGRAM SECTIONS: All histograms need sections.
section_title = new Array()
section_title[1] = "";                                        
section_title[2] = ""; 

// HISTOGRAM TYPES: A histogram needs types/categories
type_title = new Array()
type_title[1] = "";        
type_title[2] = "";
type_title[3] = "";

q1 = "If an archaeologist recognizes artifacts on island A made from materials that could only have come from island B, he/she would conclude that";
q1a = "the inhabitants of islands A or B had boats.";
q1b = "the inhabitants of island A dominated island B.";
q1c = "the society was stratified.";
q1d = "the inhabitants of islands A and B participated in kula rings.";
q1e = "the inhabitants of islands A and B were big man societies.";
q1answer = "a";
q1review = "See Exchange and Information Flow, p. 358 .";

q2 = "Immanuel Wallerstein used the terms _________ and _________ when discussing his world systems theory.";
q2a = "center, core";
q2b = "center, periphery";
q2c = "kula ring, core";
q2d = "periphery, kula ring";
q2e = "core, periphery";
q2answer = "e";
q2review = "See Scale and ''World System'' p. 358 .";

q3 = "____________ discussions of the nature of gift exchange were fundamental to the advancement of anthropological theory.";
q3a = "Immanuel Wallerstein's";
q3b = "Marcel Mauss's";
q3c = "Bronislaw Malinowski's";
q3d = "Grahame Clark's";
q3e = "George Dalton's";
q3answer = "b";
q3review = "See Gift Exchange and Reciprocity p. 360 .";

q4 = "In some New Guinean societies the position of big man is achieved by the _____________ to exchange partners and by the accumulation of the obligation to repay.";
q4a = "lending of money";
q4b = "transferring of wives";
q4c = "giving of gifts";
q4d = "making of threats";
q4e = "donation of workers";
q4answer = "c";
q4review = "See Gift Exchange and Reciprocity, p. 360 .";

q5 = "A good example of competitive exchange used to settle rivalries in which the path to success is to outshine rivals in the richness of gifts and conspicuous public consumption is";
q5a = "kula ring.";
q5b = "potlatch.";
q5c = "reciprocity.";
q5d = "market exchange.";
q5e = "redistribution.";
q5answer = "b";
q5review = "See Valuables and Commodities, p. 364 .";

q6 = "Which of the following is not an example of a prestige object?";
q6a = "a new Mercedes";
q6b = "shell";
q6c = "jade";
q6d = "copper";
q6e = "wheat";
q6answer = "e";
q6review = "See Material of Prestige Value, pp. 362-63.";

q7 = "The application of techniques to determine the particular properties of the constituent materials of traded goods, thus helping to identify their source of origin, is known as";
q7a = "characterization.";
q7b = "the conjunctive approach.";
q7c = "association.";
q7d = "site catchment analysis.";
q7e = "geochemical analysis.";
q7answer = "a";
q7review = "See Discovering the Sources of Traded Goods: Characterization, p. 364.";

q8 = "DNA analysis has been used to trace the lineal ancestry of individuals whose more recent ancestors came to the United States or the United Kingdom in the course of";
q8a = "the slave trade.";
q8b = "global migration.";
q8c = "religious oppression.";
q8d = "potato famine.";
q8e = "none of the above";
q8answer = "a";
q8review = "See Early Indications of Contact, p. 359.";

q9 = "The sourcing of materials by characterization studies depends crucially on";
q9a = "NAA analysis.";
q9b = "knowledge of raw material distribution.";
q9c = "good global mapping.";
q9d = "a and b only";
q9e = "b and c only";
q9answer = "e";
q9review = "See Discovering the Sources of Traded Goods: Characterizations, p. 365.";

q10 = "In Britain the thin-section work of David Peacock and colleagues revealed that pottery vessels _____________ before 3000 BC.";
q10a = "were used for cooking";
q10b = "were traded over distances of 100 km";
q10c = "were used for brewing beer";
q10d = "were imported from Greece";
q10e = "were fired at high temperatures";
q10answer = "b";
q10review = "See Microscopic Examination of Thin Section, p. 366.";

q11 = "Examples of trace-element analysis, which measures elements present in only very small quantities, include";
q11a = "optical emission spectrometry.";
q11b = "NAA.";
q11c = "X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.";
q11d = "a and b only";
q11e = "all of the above";
q11answer = "e";
q11review = "See Analyzing Artifact Composition, pp. 368-69.";

q12 = "The results of trace element analysis are usually expressed in";
q12a = "parts per billion.";
q12b = "parts per trillion.";
q12c = "parts per million.";
q12d = "parts per thousand.";
q12e = "parts per hundred.";
q12answer = "c";
q12review = "See Trace-Element Analysis, p. 367.";

q13 = "Within an interaction sphere there is a tendency for the symbolic systems to converge. Where the form of a religion has much in common from center to center, as reflected in the iconography, this would be an example of";
q13a = "transmission of innovation.";
q13b = "competitive emulation.";
q13c = "symbolic entrainment.";
q13d = "language and ethnicity.";
q13e = "all of the above";
q13answer = "c";
q13review = "See Symbolic Exchange and Interaction, p. 388.";

q14 = "_____________ is a characterization technique that was used to study the sources of the iron ore in mirrors widely traded during the Formative period in Oaxaca in Mesoamerica.";
q14a = "X-ray diffraction";
q14b = "Infrared absorption spectroscopy";
q14c = "Mossbauer spectroscopy";
q14d = "Fission-track analysis";
q14e = "Raman spectroscopy";
q14answer = "c";
q14review = "See Other Analytical Methods, p. 373.";

q15 = "Some Egyptian and Near Eastern records speak of gifts between the pharaoh and other Near Eastern potentates. A notable archive was found at the Egyptian site of";
q15a = "Tell Abu Salabikh.";
q15b = "Tell Aswan.";
q15c = "Luxor.";
q15d = "Tell el-Amarna.";
q15e = "Karnak.";
q15answer = "d";
q15review = "See The Study of Distribution, p. 374 .";

q16 = "Emissary trading refers to a situation where the trader is a representative of";
q16a = "an independent entity.";
q16b = "repeated exchanges of a reciprocal nature.";
q16c = "the direct source of material.";
q16d = "a central organization based in the home country.";
q16e = "none of the above";
q16answer = "d";
q16review = "See The Study of Distribution, p. 375 .";

q17 = "By plotting the quantities of material on the Y-axis, and the distance from a source on the X-axis, the decline in quantity of traded items in the archaeological record with increased distance from source is known as";
q17a = "trend surface analysis.";
q17b = "site catchment analysis.";
q17c = "fall-off analysis.";
q17d = "formation processes.";
q17e = "off-site data.";
q17answer = "c";
q17review = "See Trend Surface Analysis, p. 378.";

q18 = "Robin Torrence's work on obsidian quarries on the island of Melos showed that";
q18a = "craft specialists were resident on Melos.";
q18b = "craft specialists from Melos made beautiful obsidian blades.";
q18c = "craft specialists were exploiting the obsidian resources.";
q18d = "travelers came to Melos to collect materials and take it away.";
q18e = "travelers came to Melos and settled and became craft specialists.";
q18answer = "d";
q18review = "See The Study of Production, p. 382 .";

q19 = "Only the excavation of workshops and special facilities can provide adequate insight into the scale of production of a particular item. The most common type of specialist workshop found is";
q19a = "the flint knapping site.";
q19b = "the pottery kiln.";
q19c = "the marble quarry.";
q19d = "the obsidian working area.";
q19e = "the hand axe manufacturing site.";
q19answer = "b";
q19review = "See The Study of Production, p. 382.";

q20 = "Raymond Sidrys' work on obsidian from Maya sites in Guatemala and El Salvador clearly indicated that";
q20a = "obsidian was less abundant at minor centers.";
q20b = "obsidian was less abundant at major ceremonial centers.";
q20c = "obsidian was used for ritual sacrifice.";
q20d = "obsidian was traded from far distances.";
q20e = "obsidian came from Mexico in ancient Maya times.";
q20answer = "a";
q20review = "See The Study of Consumption, p. 384.";

q21 = "Peer-polity interaction takes a variety of forms, including";
q21a = "language and ethnicity.";
q21b = "the flow of commodities.";
q21c = "the ceremonial exchange of valuables.";
q21d = "competition.";
q21e = "all of the above";
q21answer = "e";
q21review = "See Symbolic Exchange and Interaction, p. 388.";

q22 = "Archaeologist David Braun has suggested that _________ and _________ may be observed in the Hopewell sphere.";
q22a = "ceremonial exchange, competition";
q22b = "competition, competitive emulation";
q22c = "symbolic entrainment, the flow of commodities";
q22d = "competitive emulation, symbolic entrainment";
q22e = "language, ethnicity";
q22answer = "d";
q22review = "See Interaction Spheres: Hopewell.";

q23 = "The study of regularities in the way in which quantities of traded items found in the archaeological record decrease as the distance from the source increases is known as";
q23a = "decline analysis.";
q23b = "market exchange.";
q23c = "peer polity.";
q23d = "characterization.";
q23e = "fall-off analysis.";
q23answer = "e";
q23review = "See Fall-off Analysis, p. 379.";

q24 = "Infrared absorption spectroscopy has been particularly useful in distinguishing ________ from different sources, since the organic compounds in this material absorb different wavelengths of infrared radiation passed through them.";
q24a = "obsidian";
q24b = "mica";
q24c = "amber";
q24d = "jade";
q24e = "ivory";
q24answer = "c";
q24review = "See Other Analytical Methods, p. 373.";

q25 = "Exotic goods found on the Uluburun shipwreck included,";
q25a = "ostrich eggshells.";
q25b = "Baltic amber beads.";
q25c = "hippopotamus tusk.";
q25d = "all of the above";
q25e = "only a and b";
q25answer = "d";
q25review = "See Distribution: The Uluburun Wreck, pp. 380-81.";

q26 = "The sourcing of archaeological materials allows us to reconstruct the movement of goods.";
q26a = "True";
q26b = "False";
q26answer = "a";
q26review = "See Introduction, p. 357.";

q27 = "A series of exchange relationships between island inhabitants in Melanesia is known as the kula.";
q27a = "True";
q27b = "False";
q27answer = "a";
q27review = "See Gift Exchange and Reciprocity, p. 360 .";

q28 = "Valuables and ordinary commodities are usually exchanged in the same sphere of exchange.";
q28a = "True";
q28b = "False";
q28answer = "b";
q28review = "See Valuables and Commodities, p. 364 .";

q29 = "What George Dalton has termed as 'primitive valuables' are tokens of wealth and prestige that are not often made of specially valued materials.";
q29a = "True";
q29b = "False";
q29answer = "b";
q29review = "See Valuables and Commodities, p. 364 .";

q30 = "Lead isotope analysis has been extensively applied to the characterization of metal sources in the Mediterranean.";
q30a = "True";
q30b = "False";
q30answer = "a";
q30review = "See Lead Isotope Analysis, pp. 372-73 .";

q31 = "Obsidian sourced from the island of Melos but recovered from the Franchthi Cave on the Greek mainland as early as 10,000 years ago is the earliest evidence for seafaring in the Mediterranean.";
q31a = "True";
q31b = "False";
q31answer = "a";
q31review = "See Distribution Studies of Obsidian, p. 376.";

q32 = "Isabel McBryde's study of greenstone quarries in southern Australia showed that access to the quarry was strictly limited; the stone was available only through kinship affiliations to the 'owners' of the site.";
q32a = "True";
q32b = "False";
q32answer = "a";
q32review = "See Production: Greenstone Artifacts in Australia, p. 383.";

q33 = "Archaeological evidence alone is usually sufficient to permit the reconstruction of a complete exchange system.";
q33a = "True";
q33b = "False";
q33answer = "b";
q33review = "See Exchange and Interaction: The Complete System, p. 384 .";

q34 = "The development of a new technology, appearing at a number of locations over a limited area, is usually an indication of the flow of information and hence contact.";
q34a = "True";
q34b = "False";
q34answer = "a";
q34review = "See Symbolic Exchange and Interaction, p. 387.";

q35 = "Reciprocity is a mode of exchange which implies the operation of some central organizing authority.";
q35a = "True";
q35b = "False";
q35answer = "b";
q35review = "See Modes of Exchange, p. 361.";